제 6장. 비뇨기계 항생제 사용법 편집하기 (부분)

=항생제 사용 용량=

(Ref> 2012 Stanford guide to antimicrobial therapy 42<sup>nd</sup> ed.)
{| class="wikitable"
!Class, Agent, Name
!Usual adult dosage
!Preg risk
|-
|'''Natural penicillins''' 

Benzathine penicillin G 

Penicillin G

-
| -
600,000-1.2 million units IM q2-4wks

Low: 600,000-1.2 million units IM per day

High: ≥20 million units IV q 24hrs
|B

B
|-
| Penicillin V
|500 mg p.o bid, tid
|B
|-
|'''Aminopenicillins''' 
amoxicillin 

amoxicillin-ER 

amoxicillin-clavulanate 

Ampicillin 

- 

ampicillin-sulbactam
| -
250mg-1g po tid 

One 775mg tab po q D

500/125, 875/125 1tab po bid 

250mg-500mg po q 6hr 

50-200mg/kg IV/day 

1.5-3g IV q 6hr
|B

B

B

B

B
|-
|'''Extended spectrum''' 
penicillins piperacillin

-
| -
3-4g IV q 4-6hr (max 24g/day) 

for urinary tract infection: 2g IV q 6hr
|B
|-
|'''Antipseudomonal penicillins''' 
piperacillin-tazobactam

-

-

-
| -
standard dose (no pseudomonas) 

3.375g IV q 6hr or 4.5g IV q 8hr 

standard dose (pseudomonas) 

3.375g IV q 4hr or 4.5g IV q 6hr
|B
|-
|'''Carbapenems''' 
Doripenem 

- 

Ertapenem 

Imipenem+cilastatin 

Meropenem
| -
intra abdominal, complicated UTI 

500mg IV q 8hr (1hr infusion) 

1g IV/IM q 24hr 

0.5g IV q 6hr 

0.5-1g IV q 8hr
|B

B

C

B
|-
|'''Cephalosporins''' 
1세대 

Cefazolin 

Cefadroxil 

Cephalexin 

2세대 

cefotetan 

cefoxitin 

cefuroxime 

cefaclor 

cefprozil
|
- 

- 

1-1.5g IV/IM q 8hr (max 12g/day) 

0.5-1g po q 12hr 

0.25-1g po q 6hr (max 4g/day) 

- 

1-3g IV/IM q 12hr 

1g q 8hr-2g IV/IM q 6-8hr 

0.75-1.5g IV/IM q 8hr 

0.25-0.5 g po q 8hr 

0.25-0.5 g po q 12hr
|
B

B

B

B

B

B

B

B
|-
|cefuroxime axetil
3세대 

cefoperazone-sulbactam 

cefotaxime 

ceftazidime 

ceftizoxime 

ceftriaxone 

cefdinir

cefditoren pivoxil 

cefixime 

cefpodoxime proxetil 

ceftibuten
|0.125-0.5 g po q 12hr
- 

1-2g IV q 12hr 

1g q8-12hr to 2g IV q 4hr 

1-2g IV/IM q 8-12hr 

1-2g IV q 8-12hr 

1-2g once daily 

300mg po q 12hr or 600 mg q2 4hr 

400mg po bid 

400mg po bid 

0.1-0.2g po q 12hr 

0.4g po q 24hr
|B

B

B

B

B

B

B

B

B

B

B
|-
|'''Macrolide''' 
Azithromycin 

Clarithromycin
|
- 

0.5g IV per day (oral 제제는 질병에 따라 변동) 

0.5g po q 12hr
|B

C
|-
|'''Tetracyclines''' 
Doxycycline
| -
0.1 g po/IV q 12hr
|B
|-
|'''Fluoroquinolones''' 
ciprofloxacin 

gemifloxacin 

levofloxacin 

moxifloxacin 

ofloxacin
| -
250mg po bid/400mg IV q 12hr 

320mg po q 24hr 

250, 500, 750mg po/IV q 24hr 

400mg po/IV 24hr 

200-400mg po bid
|C

C

C

C

C
|-
|'''Amnioglycoside'''
Amikacin 

Gentamycin
| -
15mg/kg/day IV 

3mg/kg q 8hr IV
|D

D
|-
|'''기타''' 
fosfomycin 

metronidazole

-
| -
3g with water po times 1 dose 

Anaerobic infection: IV 7.5mg/kg q 6hr 

oral dose 1g qd
|B

B
|}
Preg risk: 임신시 사용가능여부 FDA category